How to Read a Self-Development Book?
The use of reading materials to help solve personal problems is called bibliotherapy. Although anyone can do be a bibliotherapist, many people don't read their books properly. Besides choosing the right books for you, it's also important to read them well. This page explains how to do that.
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The Terrible Success Rate of Bibliotherapy
How many people do you know who have really, really changed their lives by reading self-development books? Probably not that many.
The limited scientific research that has been done on the effectiveness of such books concludes that the entire genre is perhaps more successful as a business than as a curative tool. But to what extent is that really an indicator of the quality of the books?
When we started providing services in the self-development space, back in 2017, it soon became clear that very few people really grasp the very essence of the books they read. Moreover, virtually no one commits to the prescribed protocols!
Self-development books ask us to do a thing that don’t come easy: Changing mental and behavioral habits. Changes take time, changes can hurt and once we have some relief from whatever is bothering us, we often lose the motivation to put in the work that is required for long-lasting change. Our minds therefor have a tendency to filter out and misperceive the messages that point at change. Like a hypnotized person, we don't see reality as it is when this is threatening.
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'Most self-development books don’t deliver results because
the reader doesn’t honor the content.'
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Despite the meager results with bibliotherapy, still €10+ billion is spent each year on self-development books. We dare to posit that most of this is done for entertainment – to feel good about believing you’re working on yourself.
There is nothing wrong with reading just to feel good. It’s just that it would be useful to know your intention and not have the disappointment afterwards when change doesn’t follow.
If you really want to change, reading better will help you to get better results.
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How to Read a Book
The book in my own collection that has received the most comments from visitors is How to Read a Book by Mortimer J. Adler. It describes a method for grasping the content.
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Adler’s general method can be summarized as going through a book in the following order:
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Back cover, introduction, and index;
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A summary or conclusion(s), if provided;
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The first and last paragraphs of each chapter;
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Each highlighted part in the chapters; and finally
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The actual book from cover to cover.
If we apply just the advice of the first step to, for example, long-time bestseller “A New Earth” by Eckhart Tolle, we already find some of the books essence:
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1. The Back cover
Here's the essence of the back cover: “... how transcending ego-based state of consciousness is not only essential to personal happiness, but also the key to ending conflict and suffering throughout the world. Tolle describes how our attachment to the ego creates anger, jealousy and unhappiness, and shows readers how to awaken...”
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In other words: This book is about ending suffering, becoming happier and the key element is transcending the ego.
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The question you need to ask yourself: Do I believe this is to be correct?
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2. The Introduction
Here's the key part of the introduction: “Can human beings lose the density of their conditioned mind structures ... defy the gravitational pull of materialism and materiality and rise above identification with form that keeps the ego in place and condemns them to imprisonment within their own personality? The possibility of such a transformation has been the central message of the great wisdom teachings of humankind. The messengers Buddha, Jesus, and others, not all of them known were humanity’s early flowers. ... this book itself is a transformational device that has come out of the arising new consciousness. The ideas and concepts presented here may be important, but they are secondary. They are no more than signposts pointing toward awakening. As you read, a shift takes place within you. This books main purpose is not to add new information or beliefs to your mind or to try to convince you of anything, but to bring about a shift in consciousness; that is to say, to awaken.”
From the introduction we learn that the act of reading this book will activate the transcendence of the ego and will make us happier.
The question you need to ask yourself again: Do I still believe this is to be correct?
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3. The Index
When we look at the index of this book, we see that:
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The first chapters (CH. 1-4) explain more about the author’s idea of ego
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The middle section (CH. 5-7) applies the concepts
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The final chapters (CH. 8-10) provides context to the transformation process.​​​
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As we can see from the chapter titles, the concept “ego” is a central theme. It's therefore important to understand the definitions the author uses for such a word. We may be familiar with the word “egoist” from everyday use as someone who’s selfish, but in this book, it seems to refer to something entire else: Ego as an “illusory self” created by our mind. Understanding the author's definition of this key concept is essential for understanding the book.
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Double check
How do we know if we have grasped the essence of a book? It can help to read with a few research questions in mind about the author's beliefs and to answer them after each step of Adler’s process. The following questions are often helpful:
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What does the author mean by "ego"?
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What does the author believe is the meaning of life?
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What is the most you can get out of life?
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What is the best way to achieve that?
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What is the specific solution to your problem, what are the arguments to support it and what is the essential difference from other solutions?
For Eckhart Tolle, the meaning of life is awakening to your true nature, which requires a shift in our consciousness (for those familiar with Tolle’s book “The Power of Now”, I'd like to point out that the “Now” he refers to is exactly where you end up when awakening to your true nature). Once that is achieved, we should have no trouble in finding out what is the right role to play in the world and how to be happy and without suffering.
The best way to achieve this, according to the book, is to read it and follow the advice about dealing with emotion that arise and your relationship with the voice in your head.​
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How much self-development is enough?
Neuroscientists have discovered that it takes 20-30 days of repetition before new beliefs feel normal. This has to do with neural pathways, which is the shape of the gray matter in our brain. Imagine water following a certain path. The more it flows down that path, the more it erodes that waterway and the more likely it is that the water will continue taking that route. With thoughts it’s quite the same.
The older we are, the more effort it takes to change a belief. For one, because the body and brain become less flexible with time. On top of that, the beliefs have been the same longer and the pathways have become ingrained.
Another aspect affecting the time it takes to change your beliefs and subsequent perceptions, thoughts and emotions, is our expectation. If we believe we can’t change or beliefs, it will hinder the process.
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Now, suppose you find a book that appears solid and you decide to read it. What you read truly resonates and you decide to put the advice into practice, when is the right time to evaluate if it’s worth continuing?
Smart commitment
Our survey among readers of self-development books showed that almost everyone “follows their feeling” when it comes to commitment. However, when you’re on the path to improving your life quality, you’re basically trying to break a pattern; this can be in the way you think, behave, feel, or all of them. This means that there will be resistance at some point, even if you find yourself the right book or method.
Here lies the difficulty, because any book or method that’s not right for you will also create resistance within you, making it rather difficult for you to know when to continue or when to stop.
In the heat of the moment, when emotions are at play, it’s the most difficult moment during the process to find clarity about the decision to either continue or quit. That’s where preparation comes in.
People follow one of two default strategies when they commit (vaguely) to a practice, based on which I call them quitters and pushers. Both quitting and pushing are suboptimal approaches that often leave a feeling of shame or disappointment, regardless of how the process goes.
The first type of people seems to quit when they experience resistance. They believe to be following their feeling, which is actually an emotion. In the end, quitters can dedicate their whole life to growth and never get there, because they never get out of their comfort zone.
The second type is the exact opposite. They have no clear commitment either and therefore always feel like a quitter if they stop. They can go on for months, even years, with practices that hardly lead to anything, still feeling they should continue. People with this attitude see no logical possibility to ever stop, for stopping will always be accompanied with a feeling of remorse.
Optimizing your commitment is not rocket science. One way to do it that I’ve found easy and effective is writing down the following items:
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A realistic outcome you intend to produce, considering your circumstances, age, experience, prerequisites (such as a feeling of safety) and beliefs about changing beliefs;
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The effort and the period of time you commit to, again with the same considerations, and;
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The challenges you expect on your way and the protocol to prevent being hijacked by emotions.
When committing, also take into account the level of immersion you feel that might be required for the change. Compare it with boiling an egg. We can turn on and off the gas a minute a time and use an entire bottle without getting the water boiling. Or, we can heat the water for 5 or 6 minutes and have a boiled egg. Similarly, a shift in consciousness might require a different type of temporary dedication than an effort to become better at rule setting as a parent.
Smart evaluation
When you do this, you can almost put the evaluation moment in your agenda. One rule of thumb with self-development is that the more you evaluate during your practice, the less effective it will be. Thus, you must ideally refrain from doing so.
However, if you don’t decide when to evaluate, then too you can get into all sorts of trouble. One thing that could happen is you ride the wave of euphoric emotions and stay hooked on a practice that’s costing you a lot of money while never delivering the results you hope to get. That’s why I always suggest taking a short cooling down period after you fulfill your commitment.
Using the results
Should the results be formidable – beyond your expectations – then it’s quite obvious what to do. Renew your commitment, perhaps indefinitely. But keep in mind the concept called “kill your Buddha”. It means that the teacher or technique that was once the exact thing you needed to grow can sooner or later become your obstacle for further growth. It’s often compared to dragging a boat with you on land because it helped you so well with crossing water.
When the results are not as what you expected, there are a few aspects to look at:
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Your impression of your execution; did you fulfill your commitment?
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Your impression of the duration of your commitment; was it long enough or do you expect better results with a prolonged commitment?
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Do you still believe in the method?
In case you doubt the method, one final step is required: a reevaluation of your own core beliefs. For example, if we take the Eckhart Tolle book again, and we feel we fulfilled the commitment more than well and that our 3 months alone in a cabin in the woods was a sufficient commitment, we might conclude that our (and Tolle’s) idea about egos or awakening is incorrect. Or, perhaps we did achieve what Tolle projected, but we’re still unhappy. This requires us to update our mental model of yourself, happiness and/or perhaps even existence at large.
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How to select a book
Although this section of the website is about how to read a book, we felt it would be useful to connect this section to our advice on how to select a book.
If you consider that the average book costs about €18.- and that a coaching session often costs 5 times that amount, then bibliotherapy is not that expensive compared to therapy and coaching. It's just that the entire process will take a lot of time if you keep moving from book to book that doesn't fit your premises.
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The central advice for becoming effective at self-development through reading books, is that you get a bearing on your own mental model as well as learn how to recognize if a book is written from a similar mental model (or if it provides an interesting new idea about an aspect of your mental model that you are reconsidering).
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In the case of Eckhart Tolle, most people miss that he is essentially saying something rather disturbing: That the idea of selfhood is an illusion and that true happiness can only come about from seeing through this illusion. Most readers miss this. They find his books appeasing to their monkey mind, which enables them to keep an unconscious lifestyle without experiencing too many negative effects. If you were to ask Eckhart Tolle, he'd say that this is the reason why most readers don't find an end to their suffering, as he promised at the back of his book.
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The Final Destination
The self-proclaimed “spiritual entertainer” Alan Watts often gave the advice to think of self-development as a medicine which you stop taking after it has cured you of your troubles. Because in his view, the false belief that you need to improve yourself – aren't good enough – can become the problem and that it's one that more self-development can never solve.
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“If you got the message, hang up the phone”
~ Alan Watts
In the literal sense, this would mean that you’d stop reading self-development books and work on aspects of yourself. Another way Watts’ advice could be interpreted, is that you might use self-development deliberately for finding out what is authentic to you. If that turns out to involve books about growth in whatever area, you might continue working with those for the rest of your life, but it would exactly be with the purpose – or frame of mind – of improving yourself, but rather feel as simply being who you are, doing what you do.
Perhaps the final destination of your bibliotherapy would be where the journey has become the destination.
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